UNIT 4: SUN TOUR
GLOSSARY (Important 50 Words)
| Word (અંગ્રેજી) | Meaning (ગુજરાતી) | Synonym (સમાનાર્થી) | Antonym (વિરોધી) |
|---|---|---|---|
| abundant | વિપુલ | plentiful | scarce |
| away | દૂર | far | near |
| bane | શાપ / આફત | curse | blessing |
| blessing | આશીર્વાદ | boon | curse |
| blow | ફૂંકાવું | puff | - |
| bomb | બોમ્બ | explosive | - |
| bright | તેજસ્વી | shining | dull |
| centre | કેન્દ્ર | middle | edge |
| clouds | વાદળો | - | - |
| collect | ભેગું કરવું | gather | distribute |
| conducted | હાથ ધરવામાં આવ્યું | carried out | - |
| confirm | ખાતરી કરવી | verify | deny |
| convert | રૂપાંતર કરવું | change | - |
| cook | રાંધવું | prepare | - |
| cupboard | કબાટ | closet | - |
| destroy | નાશ કરવો | ruin | build |
| device | સાધન | instrument | - |
| drawer | ખાનું | - | - |
| dry up | સૂકાઈ જવું | parch | wet |
| earth | પૃથ્વી | world | - |
| easy | સરળ | simple | difficult |
| electricity | વીજળી | power | - |
| energy | ઊર્જા | power | weakness |
| evaporate | બાષ્પીભવન થવું | vaporize | condense |
| experiment | પ્રયોગ | test | - |
| extremely | અત્યંત | very | mildly |
| factories | કારખાનાઓ | industries | - |
| finally | છેવટે | ultimately | initially |
| force | દબાણ કરવું / ફરજ પાડવી | compel | - |
| foreigners | વિદેશીઓ | aliens | natives |
| gas | વાયુ | vapor | solid / liquid |
| generated | ઉત્પન્ન કર્યું | produced | destroyed |
| harder | વધુ સખત | tougher | softer |
| harsh | કઠોર / આકરું | severe | gentle |
| heat | ગરમી | warmth | cold |
| illuminate | પ્રકાશિત કરવું | light up | darken |
| immediately | તરત જ | instantly | later |
| innovative | નવીન | creative | traditional |
| invent | શોધ કરવી | discover | - |
| major | મુખ્ય | main | minor |
| multi-storey | બહુમાળી | high-rise | single-storey |
| natural | કુદરતી | physical | artificial |
| numerous | અસંખ્ય | many | few |
| planet | ગ્રહ | - | - |
| produce | ઉત્પન્ન કરવું | generate | consume |
| project | પ્રોજેક્ટ | assignment | - |
| protect | રક્ષણ કરવું | guard | harm |
| purposes | હેતુઓ | goals | - |
| ray | કિરણ | beam | - |
| recent | તાજેતરનું | latest | old |
| released | મુક્ત કર્યું | freed | held |
| remote | દૂરનું / અંતરિયાળ | distant | close |
| restless | બેચેન | uneasy | calm |
| rock | ખડક / પથ્થર | stone | - |
| roof | છાપરું | ceiling | floor |
| satellite | ઉપગ્રહ | moon | - |
| scorching | દઝાડતું / આકરું | burning | freezing |
| season | ઋતુ | time of year | - |
| shine | પ્રકાશવું | glow | fade |
| solar | સૌર | of the sun | lunar |
| source | સ્ત્રોત | origin | destination |
| star | તારો | - | - |
| stop | અટકવું | halt | start |
| street | શેરી | road | - |
| strongest | સૌથી મજબૂત | most powerful | weakest |
| successfully | સફળતાપૂર્વક | victoriously | unsuccessfully |
| summer | ઉનાળો | - | winter |
| sun | સૂર્ય | - | - |
| sunshine | સૂર્યપ્રકાશ | sunlight | darkness |
| sunstroke | લૂ લાગવી | heatstroke | - |
| surface | સપાટી | exterior | interior |
| system | પ્રણાલી | structure | - |
| takes off | કાઢી નાખે છે | removes | puts on |
| tap | ઉપયોગ કરવો | utilize | - |
| technology | ટેકનોલોજી | machinery | - |
| temperature | તાપમાન | climate | - |
| tightly | ચુસ્તપણે | firmly | loosely |
| uproot | મૂળમાંથી ઉખેડી નાખવું | pull up | plant |
| useful | ઉપયોગી | helpful | useless |
| utilised | ઉપયોગમાં લેવાયેલ | used | wasted |
| varied | વિવિધ | different | same |
| vehicles | વાહનો | transports | - |
| warm | હૂંફાળું | hot | cool |
| wash | ધોવું | clean | dirty |
| watch | જોવું | observe | ignore |
| win | જીતવું | succeed | lose |
| wind | પવન | breeze | - |
| world | દુનિયા | earth | - |
| wrap | વીંટાળવું | cover | unwrap |
ACTIVITY - 1
Read the story of the Wind and the Sun.
Who wins at the end of the story?
The Sun wins at the end of the story.
ACTIVITY - 2
Read the dialogue between Vrunda and Mummy.
What project does Vrunda have?
Vrunda has a project on Solar energy in her school.
ACTIVITY - 3
Interesting facts about the sun:
1. How old is the sun?
2. How far is it from the earth?
3. What is the temperature on the surface of the sun?
4. What is the temperature at the centre of the sun?
1. How old is the sun?
2. How far is it from the earth?
3. What is the temperature on the surface of the sun?
4. What is the temperature at the centre of the sun?
1. The sun is 5 billion years old.
2. It is 15 crore kms away from the earth.
3. The temperature on the surface of the Sun is about $6100^{\circ}$ C.
4. The temperature at the centre of the Sun is about $20000000^{\circ}C$.
2. It is 15 crore kms away from the earth.
3. The temperature on the surface of the Sun is about $6100^{\circ}$ C.
4. The temperature at the centre of the Sun is about $20000000^{\circ}C$.
ACTIVITY - 4: SOLAR ENERGY
Match "A" with "B" appropriately.
solar energy
solar system
restless
sun-stroke
scorching
foreigners
converted
solar system
restless
sun-stroke
scorching
foreigners
converted
solar energy - power produced by the sun
solar system - a set of planets moving around the sun
restless - uneasy
sun-stroke - illness caused by too much exposure to the sun.
scorching - burning
foreigners - persons born in or coming from another country
converted - changed
solar system - a set of planets moving around the sun
restless - uneasy
sun-stroke - illness caused by too much exposure to the sun.
scorching - burning
foreigners - persons born in or coming from another country
converted - changed
Mark true or false. Correct the false sentences.
1. Solar energy is the energy from a bright planet.
2. Solar energy can illuminate our homes.
3. Scientists convert the sun-rays into electricity.
4. Food can be cooked with energy from the sun.
5. The sun is the only source of energy.
6. There is a ray of hope that the sun will solve our problems.
2. Solar energy can illuminate our homes.
3. Scientists convert the sun-rays into electricity.
4. Food can be cooked with energy from the sun.
5. The sun is the only source of energy.
6. There is a ray of hope that the sun will solve our problems.
1. False. (Solar energy is the energy from a bright star - the sun).
2. True.
3. True.
4. True.
5. False. (There are other sources like coal, petrol, water, wind etc.).
6. True.
2. True.
3. True.
4. True.
5. False. (There are other sources like coal, petrol, water, wind etc.).
6. True.
Here are some sentences. Read them carefully. Then read the lesson and find the sentences expressing similar meaning.
1. You have learnt about energy.
2. People from outside India do not come here during the summer.
3. Scientists have started using sun-rays in a new manner.
4. People do not use the same type of energy for all kinds of work.
5. In our country, we can use solar energy for almost every purpose.
6. Scientists have converted the problem into a hope.
2. People from outside India do not come here during the summer.
3. Scientists have started using sun-rays in a new manner.
4. People do not use the same type of energy for all kinds of work.
5. In our country, we can use solar energy for almost every purpose.
6. Scientists have converted the problem into a hope.
1. In your science books you have read about energy.
2. In India the sun usually shines very brightly. That is why the Indian summer is extremely hot and long.
3. Now we have found a way to use the hot rays of the sun. The scientists have successfully converted the heat from sun-rays into electricity.
4. We make use of different kinds of energy for different purposes.
5. In fact, scientists believe that in a warm country like India, the sun can be a major source of energy.
6. Thus, with their innovative ideas and hard work, scientists have turned the bane into a blessing.
2. In India the sun usually shines very brightly. That is why the Indian summer is extremely hot and long.
3. Now we have found a way to use the hot rays of the sun. The scientists have successfully converted the heat from sun-rays into electricity.
4. We make use of different kinds of energy for different purposes.
5. In fact, scientists believe that in a warm country like India, the sun can be a major source of energy.
6. Thus, with their innovative ideas and hard work, scientists have turned the bane into a blessing.
ACTIVITY - 5
(A) Look at the following columns carefully. Read the two columns and fill up the blanks.
A (Before solar energy)
1. The village did not use solar energy.
2. There was no electricity.
3. __________________________________.
4. The village streets were dark.
5. __________________________________.
6. __________________________________.
7. The kitchens were full of smoke.
B (After solar energy plant)
I. The people have started using solar energy.
II. __________________________________.
III. The houses have solar fans.
IV. __________________________________.
V. There is a television set.
VI. People have started using solar cookers.
VII. __________________________________.
1. The village did not use solar energy.
2. There was no electricity.
3. __________________________________.
4. The village streets were dark.
5. __________________________________.
6. __________________________________.
7. The kitchens were full of smoke.
B (After solar energy plant)
I. The people have started using solar energy.
II. __________________________________.
III. The houses have solar fans.
IV. __________________________________.
V. There is a television set.
VI. People have started using solar cookers.
VII. __________________________________.
A:
3. There were no fans in the houses.
5. There was no television set.
6. People cooked food on wood fire.
B:
II. There is electricity now.
IV. The village streets are illuminated.
VII. The kitchens are smokeless now.
3. There were no fans in the houses.
5. There was no television set.
6. People cooked food on wood fire.
B:
II. There is electricity now.
IV. The village streets are illuminated.
VII. The kitchens are smokeless now.
(B) Ask questions about Ali.
1. arranging his books (x)
2. cleaning the room. (✔)
3. watering the plants. (✔)
4. cutting (trimming his nails) (✔)
5. taking a bath (x)
6. washing his socks (✔)
7. polishing papa's shoes. (✔)
8. boiling milk (✔)
9. watching TV (x)
2. cleaning the room. (✔)
3. watering the plants. (✔)
4. cutting (trimming his nails) (✔)
5. taking a bath (x)
6. washing his socks (✔)
7. polishing papa's shoes. (✔)
8. boiling milk (✔)
9. watching TV (x)
1. Has Ali arranged his books? No, he has not.
2. Has Ali cleaned the room? Yes, he has.
3. Has Ali watered the plants? Yes, he has.
4. Has Ali cut his nails? Yes, he has.
5. Has Ali taken a bath? No, he has not.
6. Has Ali washed his socks? Yes, he has.
7. Has Ali polished papa's shoes? Yes, he has.
8. Has Ali boiled milk? Yes, he has.
9. Has Ali watched TV? No, he has not.
2. Has Ali cleaned the room? Yes, he has.
3. Has Ali watered the plants? Yes, he has.
4. Has Ali cut his nails? Yes, he has.
5. Has Ali taken a bath? No, he has not.
6. Has Ali washed his socks? Yes, he has.
7. Has Ali polished papa's shoes? Yes, he has.
8. Has Ali boiled milk? Yes, he has.
9. Has Ali watched TV? No, he has not.
ACTIVITY - 6
(B) Prepare 10 questions and ask them to your classmates.
Prepare questions like: "Who has visited Goa?"
4. Who has eaten a pizza?
5. Who has read a storybook recently?
6. Who has written a letter?
7. Who has played cricket?
8. Who has drawn a picture?
9. Who has swum in a river?
10. Who has helped their mother in the kitchen?
5. Who has read a storybook recently?
6. Who has written a letter?
7. Who has played cricket?
8. Who has drawn a picture?
9. Who has swum in a river?
10. Who has helped their mother in the kitchen?
ACTIVITY - 7
(A) Vrunda, Ali, Chintan, Anju and Amit have planned a picnic. Use these clues and make sentences.
1. invite Lila, Divyesh, Jaimini, Viral
2. decide to go to Kabirvad
3. write a leave note to the teacher
4. collect some games
5. request Vrunda's mother to make snacks
6. pack things
7. request Ali's father to lend a camera
8. Anju agrees to keep an account
9. Lila and Kanu book seats in a private bus
2. decide to go to Kabirvad
3. write a leave note to the teacher
4. collect some games
5. request Vrunda's mother to make snacks
6. pack things
7. request Ali's father to lend a camera
8. Anju agrees to keep an account
9. Lila and Kanu book seats in a private bus
1. They have invited Lila, Divyesh, Jaimini and Viral.
2. They have decided to go to Kabirvad.
3. They have written a leave note to the teacher.
4. They have collected some games.
5. They have requested Vrunda's mother to make snacks.
6. They have packed things.
7. They have requested Ali's father to lend a camera.
8. Anju has agreed to keep an account.
9. Lila and Kanu have booked seats in a private bus.
2. They have decided to go to Kabirvad.
3. They have written a leave note to the teacher.
4. They have collected some games.
5. They have requested Vrunda's mother to make snacks.
6. They have packed things.
7. They have requested Ali's father to lend a camera.
8. Anju has agreed to keep an account.
9. Lila and Kanu have booked seats in a private bus.
(B) It is two hours before the annual examination. Write a paragraph describing what you have done.
Write a paragraph. Ask yourself: Am I ready?
I have put two pens in my compass box. I have taken my hall ticket. I have revised all the chapters. I have packed my bag. I have had a light breakfast. Oh! I have forgotten to study this lesson.
ACTIVITY - 8
Make sentences using words related to the sun.
Words: star, useful, satellite, energy, sun, clouds, dry up, evaporate, sunshine, sunstroke, bright. Write a paragraph on the Sun.
The sun is a bright star. It gives us light and energy. The earth is a satellite of the sun. The sun is very useful to us. The heat from the sun makes water evaporate and form clouds. The strong sunshine can sometimes cause sunstroke. The heat from the sun helps wet clothes to dry up quickly.
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